WHAT IS

STROKE?

  • Also known as cerebrovascular disease.
  • Occurs when blood vessels are blocked or burst, causing parts of the brain to shut down.
  • Critical parts of the brain can be permanently disabled with no chance of recovery.

TYPES OF STROKE

Ischaemic Stroke

Blood vessel clogs from within causing a reduction in blood flow

Haemorrhagic Stroke

Blood vessel ruptures, causing blood to leak into the brain

WARNING SIGNS OF STROKE

Balance
Difficulties

Eyesight
Changes

Face
Weakness

Arm
Weakness

Speech
Difficulties

Time
to Call 999

Burden of Stroke in Malaysia

92/day

Stroke admissions 2016

40%

Below 60 years old

32

Deaths per day

RM 180 Million

Cost of stroke management for 33,812 admissions per year

3 out 10

Stroke survivors, independent living

EFFECTS OF STROKE

ARE YOU AT RISK?

Age Factor

As you get older, your risk of stroke increases

Pre-existing Medical Conditions

  • High blood pressure
  • Diabetes
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • High cholesterol

Lifetyle Factors

  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Eating unhealthy food

Ethnicity

  • Indian / Pakistani / Bangladeshi / Nepalese / Sri Lankan
  • African
  • Caribbean

Family History

If a family member has had a stroke, your risk of stroke is higher

HOW TO TREAT STROKE?

Ischaemic Stroke

  • Medication delivered directly to the brain
  • Remove the clot with stent retriever
  • Carotid endarterectomy
  • Angioplasty

Haemorrhagic Stroke

  • Surgical clipping
  • Coiling (endovascular embolisation)
  • Surgical arteriovenous malformation (AVM) removal
  • Stereotactic radiosurgery

REDUCING THE RISK OF STROKE

Cut down
on alcohol

Stop
smoking

Reduce
waist size

Eat healthy

Be active

Cut down
on alcohol

Stop
smoking

Reduce
waist size

Eat healthy

Be active

SOURCES

  1. Unpublished results from the project Monitoring Stroke Burden in Malaysia: the use of linked national data sources (NMRR-18-100-39847)
  2. Mustapha Feisul. MJM 2017. 72. 271-277
  3. Jabatan Perangkaan Negara. Punca kematian utama Malaysia 2017
  4. Aziz et al. Acute Stroke Registry Malaysia, 2010-2014: Results from the National Neurology Registry, Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases,
    Lee et al. Economic BURDEN of Malaysia: Results from National Neurology Registry WCN17-1249, World Congress Neurology 2017, Japan
  5. www.strokeassociation.org/en/about-stroke/types-of-stroke
  6. www.stroke.org/understand-stroke/what-is-stroke/
  7. www.cdc.gov/stroke/about.htm 
  8. www.strokeassociation.org/en/about-stroke/stroke-symptoms
  9. www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stroke/symptoms-causes/syc-20350113
  10. www.strokeassociation.org/en/about-stroke/stroke-risk-factors/stroke-risk-factors-you-can-control-treat-and-improve
  11. www.worldstrokecampaign.org/learn/stroke-facts.html
  12. www.heart.org/en/about-stroke/effects-of-stroke
  13. www.stroke.org.uk/what-is-stroke/are-you-at-risk-of-stroke
  14. www.stroke.org.uk/sites/default/files/reduce_your_risk_of_stroke_v2_april_2019.pdf